Which country has the smallest capital city in the EU by both area and population?

Malta.

The country with the smallest capital city in the European Union by both area and population is Malta, and its capital is Valletta. Valletta is incredibly compact, covering an area of only about 0.61 square kilometers (0.24 square miles), making it the smallest capital city in the EU by land area. With a population of around 6,000 residents, it also ranks as the smallest by population among EU capitals.

Valletta is unique in many ways, despite its small physical size and population. Founded in the 16th century by the Knights of St. John after the Great Siege of Malta in 1565, it was named after Grand Master Jean Parisot de Valette. The city was constructed as a fortress on a peninsula, with its architecture reflecting its military and historical significance. Its design, with narrow, grid-like streets, is both practical and charming, contributing to its inclusion as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Valletta is not just a historical relic but also Malta’s administrative and political center, housing key institutions like the Maltese Parliament and the Office of the President. Its economy is primarily driven by tourism, as the city’s historical sites, including St. John’s Co-Cathedral, the Grandmaster’s Palace, and the numerous museums and fortifications, attract visitors from around the world.

Though small, Valletta has a rich cultural scene, with festivals, art exhibitions, and performances held throughout the year. It was even named the European Capital of Culture in 2018, which further elevated its profile internationally. Despite its tiny footprint and population, Valletta’s significance in both Maltese and European history is undeniable.