What chemical element’s name comes from the Greek for stench due to its unpleasant odor?

Bromine.

The chemical element with a name that originates from the Greek word for stench, due to its unpleasant odor, is bromine. Its name is derived from the Greek word “βρῶμος” (brômos), meaning “stench.” Discovered independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Jérôme Balard, in 1825 and 1826 respectively, bromine is a halogen, found in the group 17 of the periodic table, elements known for their reactivity and for forming salts with metals.

Bromine is unique among the halogens as it is a liquid at room temperature, displaying a reddish-brown color. Its liquid form is highly volatile and gives off dense fumes that have a strong, suffocating odor, which is where its name derives its meaning. The element’s distinctive smell and vapor are hazardous, causing irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system, which necessitates careful handling and adequate protective measures when working with it.

In nature, bromine is not found as a free element due to its high reactivity but is instead present in various compounds, mainly bromides, in seawater, salt lakes, and underground brine wells. Bromine compounds have a range of applications, including use in flame retardants, photography chemicals, water treatment, and in the production of certain types of dyes and pharmaceuticals. However, the use of brominated flame retardants has raised environmental and health concerns due to their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate, leading to stricter regulations and a push for safer alternatives.

Despite its hazardous nature, bromine’s chemical properties make it valuable for numerous industrial applications. Its discovery and subsequent use exemplify the double-edged sword of chemical elements, offering beneficial uses while posing risks that necessitate careful management and environmental consideration.